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Quenching Hot Metal in Water

Grade 6 investigation: hot metal blocks dropped into cups of water show how the type of matter, its mass and the energy transferred affect temperature change.

Grade 6ScienceInteractive · Printable

Aligned toMS-PS3-4

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What’s included

Single worksheet
Auto-graded online
1 NGSS standard
Printable answer key
11 questions
Classroom-ready

Details

Format: Interactive · Printable
Grade: Grade 6
Subject: Science
Question types: Fill in the blank, Multiple choice, Matching, Sorting, Short answer

About this worksheet

What students practice

Students analyze data on how the type of metal, its mass and the mass of water affect a temperature change.
Students use a temperature change to estimate the energy transferred to a mass of water.

How to use

Talk about the blacksmith's buckets first, then have students circle the one thing that changes between each pair of trials before they answer.

Curriculum

NGSS standard covered

MS-PS3-4

Investigate how the energy transferred, the type of matter and its mass affect a change in temperature.

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Name Date

Quenching Hot Metal in Water

Investigate what decides how much the water warms up.

Reading the trials

Read the passage and the table, then answer the questions.

Hot Iron, Warm Water

At the county fair, Farah Nasser watched a blacksmith named Mr. Achterberg hammer a glowing iron bar into a hook. When he dipped the hook into a small bucket of water, it hissed and sent up steam. This is called quenching. After he had quenched a dozen hooks, the water in the small bucket felt warm. The water in a large barrel beside him, where he had quenched just as many hooks, still felt cool. Farah wondered what decides how much the water warms.

Back in science class, her group modeled the quench with small metal blocks instead of glowing iron. Their teacher, Ms. Villanueva, heated each block in a pot of water at 80 °C. Using tongs, she moved the block into a foam cup of tap water at 20 °C and closed the lid. A student stirred gently and recorded the highest temperature the water reached.

The group changed one thing at a time: the type of metal (aluminum, steel or copper), the mass of the block, or the mass of water in the cup. Every block started at 80 °C and every cup of water started at 20 °C. They ran each trial twice, the two results were within 0.5 °C of each other, and the table shows the average.

Ms. Villanueva added one more fact. Warming 1 g of water by 1 °C takes about 4.2 J of energy. So when 200 g of water warms by 1 °C, it has taken in about 840 J.